Jin-Yi Yu: I am sorry that I cannot make to the
Jin-Yi Yu: State class. I'm going to be recording this capture and please just
Jin-Yi Yu: Skip these sub says this lecture, and today I'm going to me, share the screen.
Jin-Yi Yu: Will continue to finish the
Jin-Yi Yu: First part of our lecture practical
Jin-Yi Yu: In terms of the square key component of our
Jin-Yi Yu: First kind of system last time already talked about ocean.
Jin-Yi Yu: And basically, last time I told you that a key information to remember for the ocean is that we need to separate ocean toshihide mix where which is part of a meter two meter Sophie management meter per packet. The 60 meter and this is the pilot, we have the
Jin-Yi Yu: Responsible for interaction, which is the atmosphere. So you have here see compassion.
Jin-Yi Yu: And as we call the learn in the ocean chapter the impassioned exchange between automatically ocean solar mix their basic basically involves three quantity, one is heat. He flux VR is momentum, energy and kinetic energy, which is really to win and the other way to server is fresh water.
Jin-Yi Yu: So order. Is he in fashion frogs has surface. He fast surface momentum for us and surface fresh water for X. Those are in flux control how water, energy and momentum and what a surgery between other must be ocean and then does Nina first part.
Jin-Yi Yu: Was pens amoeba. And then we have this summer crime. Here we tend to the other color.
Jin-Yi Yu: Is so kind.
Jin-Yi Yu: This part here, so usually is an order or close to 100 meter two meter 300 meter or 19 meter on this order and this one is important because this is more like a plastic their plastic separate how Apple ocean.
Jin-Yi Yu: From the ocean.
Jin-Yi Yu: And SEPARATE BY THIS SUMMER kind
Jin-Yi Yu: And similar kind is so when we have because it does allow messed is change easily between apples and apples from services Monica calculated
Jin-Yi Yu: Separately store there. So when we have anything happen only when strong when push more water from east to west. Then we'll see this
Jin-Yi Yu: Center crime or deeper here is surface serial code up more. So you can create more room to accommodate that additional heat water cup pushed by this
Jin-Yi Yu: Will from east to west. So in this summer cracker up code on Syria or call up the demo. And then listen. People should then he said, Okay, we're going to produce way.
Jin-Yi Yu: And those way. Most of the property from west to east is Calvin way.
Jin-Yi Yu: Or it is pop up here from east west. That's just the way I'm talking about somewhere around in the tropical ownership and those way application is very important in a lot of county phenomena and most important is El Nino
Jin-Yi Yu: El Nino can produce coming to LA Mina, or this am set termination and change to the interface has to do with wavy motion that pop up a producer along the sermon kind so summer cry is a very important place that we discussed ocean.
Jin-Yi Yu: wave motion.
Jin-Yi Yu: And the deep ocean is Molly is chi is a reservoir for a nano Sims.
Jin-Yi Yu: Example, military and co author or is kind of Mrs. Monica storage.
Jin-Yi Yu: So these three. They're pretty fun though. In our common starting out. Remember, and asked her, I told you, ocean temperature is decrease with steps and also decreased from equator.
Jin-Yi Yu: To the polar region here read to blue right here. Maria 125 degree. And when you got a poor region can see that is koto koto $75
Jin-Yi Yu: The Cambridge is very cold calls with five degree. You can see that whole concept behind a harder to Lowes co op and can sink directly to the
Jin-Yi Yu: To the pattern. So you can see that the vertical profile of ocean temperature become very similar
Jin-Yi Yu: The bottom part of the deep ocean temperature is very close to surface temperature, but on the other latitude equator or on
Jin-Yi Yu: Or 20th, the Queen, the Queen of the path, the temperature and the other people promotion is not directly related to the temperature upper part ownership, because
Jin-Yi Yu: The people partner ocean. The author doesn't go directly from service to pattern. But as I mentioned last time, the people part of ocean.
Jin-Yi Yu: Water is mostly coming from either unhappy region. This is surveys and I seem to the pattern or coming from
Jin-Yi Yu: Not, not surrounded around Queen and water is very cold sink to the bottom and policing can see that can be just from a service for bottom almost said in
Jin-Yi Yu: Yeah. And then the other nothing equator, the temperature empower them is not related to the temperature at the surface of
Jin-Yi Yu: The water in SM narrative as a key information. And remember, and already spread similarity that it doesn't decrease or increase mana automatically we started to write. So we know that the highest submitting observes are 25 degree for certain degree as well because sub topic.
Jin-Yi Yu: As part of us. Miss equator.
Jin-Yi Yu: Last fall, we have the pottery circulation going on here. Go up to the equator and moon also a sink near about so typically nos can return fairly quickly and CO packer for the circle. The same thing happen or a
Jin-Yi Yu: Race equator immortal, the Southern Hemisphere sync near a certain degree south and we tend to equate as well as sync here near
Jin-Yi Yu: Study the queen also submitted survey people in South overland area will form the theater Egypt in Arizona Mojave Desert in Asia or Asia or Asia region is popular. So we can we can win this as you can also a singer.
Jin-Yi Yu: Famous pop up at a must be equal time. You can compress compress compress compress and so copper everyone in whatever water vapor political down is there's no
Jin-Yi Yu: Before I go out, get equator, you already squeeze our water vapor become room for the fourth time equator and the moon also in sync.
Jin-Yi Yu: Is open a call to the Sony pick winners and says it already. Squeeze out on a lot of it, but so it's become a retry
Jin-Yi Yu: retry come down also compress very warm. So in the Senate. The quickness and speed results. We have very warm and so i a play.
Jin-Yi Yu: Sink over then become there's a money sink over ocean community subtropical ocean, then those ocean Hauser California for example in the Pacific ocean. The ocean will see another
Jin-Yi Yu: One me apart. So that was ocean will increase in population from Sir is too much fear. So in these narratives and the degree
Jin-Yi Yu: To the subtropical penalty.
Jin-Yi Yu: That you hear the Kobe very warm and dry above. So you have strongly Preparation Preparation. And that's why is he popular or the fresh water out of ownership and indeed the salt in the water that's that's nice salinity.
Jin-Yi Yu: Become very, very salty. That's why these are negative value is very high. You can see more than
Jin-Yi Yu: 37 grams per kilogram. The when you go to the equator. That's where all the arise produce rainfall. So you can see that was equator, the equator is here. The red one.
Jin-Yi Yu: Where I can see this scenario, it is very low, less than 76 grand per kilogram here because in this that
Jin-Yi Yu: Can eat equatorial region. Another room for for for inbound funnel Skype into dollars you make a lot more fresh, that's why.
Jin-Yi Yu: It is very small. In this particular region. So that's what that's what we want to know about. It's a parable and all these different Matthew when it comes to get a promotion disability become the same. And then, the reason is because we're describing the last sentence here.
Jin-Yi Yu: In the oceans salinity variation are much smaller there near the surface because the sauce and sync of fresh water. What is a source of fresh water precipitation
Jin-Yi Yu: What is think of the fresh water.
Jin-Yi Yu: Sink is people operation.
Jin-Yi Yu: So this hip operation here happening it subtropics room for happening in incorporated. They're all near the service. Right. And then so that doesn't affect the scenario. I'm gonna come to the deeper partnership the similarity is
Jin-Yi Yu: The other is really to where they come from, because all these people other they all, most of them coming from 90 degree south and Patty region or in time studies and surveys here.
Jin-Yi Yu: Walking me down and pattern for those people are coming in from clean and a request by all come from similar area. No.
Jin-Yi Yu: Bottled water equator by the market typically self funded the police are typically not political. Not all this water. The water, they all they all
Jin-Yi Yu: Come from the field area in height it that's why they have a similar sensibility property well as live kissing. I want to remind you hand the property of
Jin-Yi Yu: Of ocean and the similarity between Atlantic can perceive already mentioned last time, not sure it. Okay, so I'm not detailed discussion on the ocean. When we finish the
Jin-Yi Yu: Motion Panel, but I must fear know become ocean security. And one thing we want to learn. We're going to learn in the ocean security when we come to ocean situation is that we are going to them because we have now show you the ocean, Mitch, they're here.
Jin-Yi Yu: And we have similar kind
Jin-Yi Yu: Of meet today here.
Jin-Yi Yu: We have similar kind
Jin-Yi Yu: We have a potion. Oh, no.
Jin-Yi Yu: I'm gonna try the other teams.
Jin-Yi Yu: To
Jin-Yi Yu: stop sharing and
Jin-Yi Yu: Sharing
Jin-Yi Yu: Not talking about
Jin-Yi Yu: What else
Jin-Yi Yu: Okay.
Jin-Yi Yu: To say is Mitch there.
Jin-Yi Yu: And then similar crime.
Jin-Yi Yu: And deep ocean.
Jin-Yi Yu: So this part is part, we're going to talk about our
Jin-Yi Yu: Ocean. So to Malaysia.
Jin-Yi Yu: And then the deep ocean. We have a sermon certainly a nice occasion.
Jin-Yi Yu: So based on Australia. We're going to see tools set of circulation in the ocean. Okay, let me continue to finish the last two are very quickly about climate system we say we have not the most fear.
Jin-Yi Yu: We have land.
Jin-Yi Yu: We have potion.
Jin-Yi Yu: And how the lamb. We have highs in ocean we have eyes. Let's call cryosphere
Jin-Yi Yu: In the class fear, basically we are happy to talk very much about Christ in this class and the department, our department has a
Jin-Yi Yu: Huge crew working on class fear and basically just fundamental definition. The CrossFit refer to all the ice near the surface of us, including CSS, then x actually can also including snow.
Jin-Yi Yu: And
Jin-Yi Yu: Cross for your prayer, very important, or at least and poor area. When is this going to change surface are beautiful.
Jin-Yi Yu: Mix surface arbiter stronger and I can mess can affect our global energy patterns. Right. So that's okay about how much surface area pulse is covered by these high our beautiful snow and ice, then the original care boss cryosphere can affect our community.
Jin-Yi Yu: He also affect our partners cycle right now. Sorry, learn that after we have outgassing volcano activity it in chat three guesses into a chemistry of nitrogen.
Jin-Yi Yu: Carbon dioxide and water vapor. Most of other way, but cannot stay in that atmosphere with for fell down to the ground and become ocean and
Jin-Yi Yu: The ocean become the biggest part of our fresh water. And then the second one I think. Second, so I think the second one.
Jin-Yi Yu: Is the because fear those place your area. So they pray a very important, of course, fear, pray away important though in affecting our CMO affecting our water cycle. So in that case that we care about how much mass of ice. Now we have because whenever we have a lot of ice under
Jin-Yi Yu: Pressure under them, then they can mail with global warming and to change the sea level.
Jin-Yi Yu: So in our case, we all care about mass. So this last trip summarize the key information. We want to can this remember not related. The importance of the cryosphere is the post is surface and this mass matter for our climate started
Jin-Yi Yu: And lastly, I'm going to just quickly just say about brain surgery. This is also not a part of this class upon a focus of this class is going to focus on that must feel an ocean. Then we have other classes that pay particular attention to be in service process.
Jin-Yi Yu: Which is also a major research area of this department. So basically I just summarize here, the crime is oh HOV lane service. So at least it is for senior a similar path.
Jin-Yi Yu: quite low. That then service can praying current system. First, it is a greenhouse gas emission, the source of greenhouse gas emission and before he can produce mocking the lens of is reduced cost populate my right is he has this transfer
Jin-Yi Yu: Transpiration coming from the Treaty Eve or is financing and then of course photosynthesis also affect
Jin-Yi Yu: Produce the carbon dioxide and where land or is still water water moving, we're moving along. And it was also on our city is kind of proposed mapping
Jin-Yi Yu: Then there's also greenhouse gas and maybe there's something else more loss upon I can remember. So then surface is currently important for determine how much happened outside mapping table we have and
Jin-Yi Yu: And also,
Jin-Yi Yu: Populate and also. So, this one will affect global energy cycle and global biogeochemical cycle every day to his greenhouse gas emission
Jin-Yi Yu: And also then service has a lot of past is soil and when it has the app is going to produce Arizona. Arizona means liquid or sorry particles suspended.
Jin-Yi Yu: IN A COMA sphere, right, those are not old tools nitrogen or no sir. Sorry for liquid particle pepper. They are suspended in the air for this suspended in the air. More another, they can absorb solar radiation, remember that our atmosphere does not
Jin-Yi Yu: too important jacking absorb solar radiation and but but when we have arrow. So he made refractive
Jin-Yi Yu: surgery, radiation or absorbed solar radiation in those areas of may also affect the can also track the gamma radiation. So you also affect global energy cycle.
Jin-Yi Yu: And by aerosol is also important for water cycle because when we have water, air, which relative humidity equal to 20% that's already reached a saturation a maximum amount of the other way. But usually, our air won't get saturated cannot produce
Jin-Yi Yu: Really easy, because it is very difficult to form compensation initially was a commodity water. But if you have a past
Jin-Yi Yu: Or hero source suspend in the air or is water vapor can easily compensate around this past year or so. So if you have era. So you're going to help what
Jin-Yi Yu: Water vapor that contains to produce room for and as white arrow so is important to water cycle.
Jin-Yi Yu: And then also a polarization. The surface from our fact help albedo, right, because you whether you have a visa or you have
Jin-Yi Yu: A tree or president has been a change our Peter and also use them has high soil moisture or loss or much moisture and those things can affect also
Jin-Yi Yu: These are the those things and it's going to impact on surface hydrology and that's for sure everybody can understand what quite high quality. So those main service actually important for global energy cycle global biology or chemistry cycle and global Botha cycle, so it
Jin-Yi Yu: Seems like involved in the sector in service. Okay, that's all I want to mention for this.
Jin-Yi Yu: For this introduction, a sudden, you want to measure I you're looking at the
Jin-Yi Yu: Rice, please share. Let me do one more time.
Jin-Yi Yu: Okay, now let's move on to the second
Jin-Yi Yu: Module not come second men. Men part of this.
Jin-Yi Yu: Class, we're going to, we're going to
Jin-Yi Yu: Make sure
Jin-Yi Yu: Because I'm recording by myself. If I'm not sure you can see
Jin-Yi Yu: Whoa, which came to see
Okay.
Jin-Yi Yu: Okay.
Jin-Yi Yu: Now,
Jin-Yi Yu: We're going to go to the second part of production. After we describe the the main component of our climate system, but I must fear ocean then
Jin-Yi Yu: And everything now we have this whole cramming system.
Jin-Yi Yu: System. Now, in order to turn on this karma machine. We need to power this candy machine with solar energy
Jin-Yi Yu: So we are going to understand how this energy patterns look like if we consider the whole premise system as a whole, instead of just
Jin-Yi Yu: Instead of going to is
Jin-Yi Yu: Detailed description. So in the first part of these natural as we are measuring here. This is the paper content from a textbook.
Jin-Yi Yu: The second chapter to the group or energy pattern. Actually, the title here should be proper energy parents, rather than cycle.
Jin-Yi Yu: There. So you can see that 4.1 to point two 2.3 talk about warms and energy, solar system energy patterns of Earth. And so everything and then we'll talk about those is called also produced
Jin-Yi Yu: Radiation at a particular emission temperature. So always is what we call the planetary energy parents
Jin-Yi Yu: That energy comes in from solar here.
Jin-Yi Yu: And the top of our energy going out emitted packers, these two Teresa radiation.
Jin-Yi Yu: Sola and personalization has to equal to each other. So energy from sun is equal energy emitted five a terrestrial
Jin-Yi Yu: By itself. When these parents achieved, then we call primary entity, Paris, and we're gonna find out if we just consider these two factor Sola and
Jin-Yi Yu: Coming in a longer taking calls are then we open the file, the temperature, we get the Earth's temperature we have came from this energy parents is not
Jin-Yi Yu: Going to be is going to be too cold, compared to observe temperature. And what's the difference in outcome through the second part of the come to
Jin-Yi Yu: Realization that we need to consider greenhouse effect. So second comes up. We're going to deliver. Here is a greenhouse effect.
Jin-Yi Yu: And then finally we're going to go into our current system, particularly looking at Fatima sphere.
Jin-Yi Yu: So from energy coming to the outside of premise system on top of that hemisphere, the energy at the top of the atmosphere.
Jin-Yi Yu: And to all the way the energy to the surface where solar energy can absorb it from the top to the service that were which partner climate system keep away that
Jin-Yi Yu: terrestrial radiation. Right. So that's the detail is captured within a crucial in a second part, the vertical and that Ott not empty, Paris, because the servicing one of them.
Jin-Yi Yu: So now let's go to the first part, the energy patterns. So here are three the
Jin-Yi Yu: Very beginning of this chapter in the textbook, for he says temperature but key tiny bearable is is a major how the image ad campaign in the movement of monitor as what temperature is in Colonel energy
Jin-Yi Yu: Relate to the movement how a molecule and therefore to understand how the temperature
Jin-Yi Yu: Is maintained, one must consider the energy. PARIS. Paris for my stay in the first all have some dynamic. So the basic energy parents of the earth is between energy
Jin-Yi Yu: That's the war was the sentence on upon his PTO imagine coming from the sun in me to return to space by those radiated
Jin-Yi Yu: So the first pie solar radiation. Radiation solar radiation. The signifies Teresa radiation right and
Jin-Yi Yu: Then we realized that most of the absorption of the solar radiation tech press mostly a surface. However, most of his parishioner radiation return
Jin-Yi Yu: To space is coming from atmosphere so surveys receipt or energy but atmosphere carry the burden.
Jin-Yi Yu: to emit return energy practice space so surface getting more and more and educating happen other
Jin-Yi Yu: Than as a Muslim keep I'm losing energy. We can energy pack of speaking in colder and colder. So woman or a service call it up, I must fear will increase the temperature gradient
Jin-Yi Yu: So as I mentioned, the metal does not want to have this extreme thing happen but there's extremists in happen the system become unstable, but is unstable disturbance talkers disturbers disturbance interruption or happen and try to smooth the difference right
Jin-Yi Yu: So that's what happened. We have another compassion in the system. Okay, now
Jin-Yi Yu: Before I go to talk about me grow up or planetary energy parents, which is the first key power this come second. One of the Diva everybody so supposed to be able to
Jin-Yi Yu: Write an equation to describe what is a parameter image paradise, because very simple and by writing down my question also examine your understanding of power.
Jin-Yi Yu: Comes every day through energy. But before I go there. I need to say something about the solar energy that controls to turn on alchemy machine warm up. So how much the energy can come to our current system is determined by choosing Earth's orbit around the sun.
Jin-Yi Yu: And then how much first
Jin-Yi Yu: He's killed 2% protein around his access in the polar region. And the third thing is that when we killed
Jin-Yi Yu: The this tilting even even men tend to simply looking angle sometimes tilting and point put an all star. Sometimes it killed it a point to
Jin-Yi Yu: reorder stock of effect and then that will also change how much energy is absorbed a different path toppy tentative. OK. So I'm going to quickly also this concept so basic this reason.
Jin-Yi Yu: So you probably already know. We know that Earth circle around the Sun is of it. This object can be clip shape or can be very circle.
Jin-Yi Yu: So you will go from very equipped to very circle at a cycle of 1000 years has caught 100 K is remember you want to remember
Jin-Yi Yu: So when we change this, the orbit around the Sun that affect how much energy can be sent from Sam told us was we can
Jin-Yi Yu: Learn data, how much energy from Sam earth before we come into the outcome, the system number is called soda comes to and I saw a constant can be change depends on the shape of our
Jin-Yi Yu: Bows Romney, the sun. Right now the circumstance 1370 blocks meter split. So this number can change. So you learn that this is centricity the changing of the shape of
Jin-Yi Yu: Earth's orbit around Sam will affect the total amount of energy to us.
Jin-Yi Yu: And the TRT NGO, the US this notated inculcating info can go from 22.5 degrees to 2445 degree. So, but it to more than the sunlight cannot reach for the polar region.
Jin-Yi Yu: And would it feel less than seven, I can go to more easy for the higher narrative right and that will affect our racial integration period.
Jin-Yi Yu: And this period is going to happen at 41,000 so this total among come to us for Barry 100,000 in this because there's tilting how much field effect. So it is tilting NGO, that's why I want to know. This is a chastity city. The ship or be the puppet for some perfect Total solar total amount
Jin-Yi Yu: Of soda radiation.
Jin-Yi Yu: To us just a total amount and this tilting angle is how much it is affect how much Sam night.
Jin-Yi Yu: Can pull to how latitude.
Jin-Yi Yu: In the hierarchy square with four eyes.
Jin-Yi Yu: Right. So what you want is more Sonic have come to go to Hawaii. Today we are in the interglacial period when the to do is higher than his best Amanda penalty or more. Mr. Anything come up, or maybe more and come to the highlighting them. We're going to have a
Jin-Yi Yu: Welcome change from Malaysia, Indonesia, period. Okay. And that changes can happen at 41,000. And then we also can even we if we maintain the same
Jin-Yi Yu: Look at and go, here you can see this one rainbow is always talking some I can point to this direction and this the other way hypo to that. So the hour. Even the till the end goal doesn't change.
Jin-Yi Yu: The direction that to the anchor point tool can be some time here somewhere here and this change will happen at 26,000 or something out of a textbook or say 20 students. Okay, and that this one will affect a lot of how much solar radiation who too low gravity.
Jin-Yi Yu: And tilting angle is a far how much of it is important. Hi. Natalie.
Jin-Yi Yu: And hide it is where we have a show me. My pleasure. So there's no grace period tend to happen at 41,000 here. Let me erase this
Jin-Yi Yu: That's why you need to remember if you study paleoclimate this number is the number you need to remember the painter climate.
Jin-Yi Yu: Krishna Krishna has a lot of signal around 41 solid years and you you started on it but I happen to know that it
Jin-Yi Yu: Is the square. We have another wrinkle. So a lot of you has another window. So it's going to affect whether or not you have a primal one that was seeking their mo authors a lot. That's the water and the water is not moving is also our oxygen and producer mapping right so this
Jin-Yi Yu: 26 or 27 cycle is can affect our mapping
Jin-Yi Yu: Concentration. Yeah. And so whatever almost, almost get stronger or weaker, you look at the petrochemical into motion get stronger or weaker, you kind of find out they go up and down at the
Jin-Yi Yu: Song cycle or some pics per se punishing sovereign and racial integration happened at the party for 41 solid and the passion occasional before 1 million years ago who are present in here.
Jin-Yi Yu: Before 0.5 million years ago, pressure, pressure, pressure, pressure, pressure in a registration is related to your major.
Jin-Yi Yu: In the cycle of this is 41 solid and up after we reached out to point 9 million years ago, we find out that this
Jin-Yi Yu: 100 years old and become very obvious in these racial integration ratio in a treasure. After about 1 million years ago how the integration of change to 100,000
Jin-Yi Yu: Years. Right. And the reason why 1 million years ago, the Treasury debt ratio is permanent by 41,000 Hilton cycle. But after a while. I mean,
Jin-Yi Yu: Apple past one
Jin-Yi Yu: What do point. I mean, years ago to change it to 100,000 so this is still not well understood, because this earth orbiting shape around Sam does
Jin-Yi Yu: The energy and money change from this year, please share the energy is very, very small. So, people do not believe is 187 year cycle can put these such a strong impact factors. There's a narrator put
Jin-Yi Yu: In the fact that we've observed since one mean he has. He has a cool place in a pleasure happen EVERYONE. SORRY. So this is still an area, people try to pick out why to happen. So I want you to remember related to solar radiation forcing Clark County system. There are three key.
Jin-Yi Yu: Key number to remember
Jin-Yi Yu: Change. We need to operate in shape 41,000 year related us tilting and 26,000 or 20,000 cycle relate to the procession.
Jin-Yi Yu: The direction that is tilting pointed the sustainable Mitch only mention, we can do a very last chapter about climate change in the past, you will see this tree number coming out. So I wanted to remember this number.
Jin-Yi Yu: Okay, so now let's skip a lot of this discussion here. I want to read it about how each one of them. The
Jin-Yi Yu: pulpit shape or, I'm sorry. How does out perfect season and different narrative. The here. The key pies. The first part of rather get pran na RI, and she
Jin-Yi Yu: adders party these products. These parents a solar radiation comes in, has the equal to terrestrial radiation long way radiation emitted by us to go up.
Jin-Yi Yu: So we are going to walk on the stage of this equation and to find out it doesn't match of the temperature that's whole point and then we realize we need greenhouse effect. So now we need to work on the government side of our equation solar energy
Jin-Yi Yu: And solar energy is coming from some to us here like orbiting around the sun. So we need not first need to find a how much energy was was a center from the sun. And that number is called solar luminosity.
Jin-Yi Yu: It is the constant flux of energy put out by Sun and this is equal to this number 3.9 times 10 to 26 I'm still scared. I didn't quantities misprints i mean
Jin-Yi Yu: The Woman Hi.
Jin-Yi Yu: Hopefully,
Jin-Yi Yu: Will continue right. Okay, so here is the
Jin-Yi Yu: I'm going to stop here to check my recording