Notes

Outline

Slide 1

The State of Oceans  Temperature     warm on the upper ocean, cold in the deeper ocean.  Salinity    variations caused by determined by evaporation, precipitation, sea-ice formation and melt, and river runoff.  Density     small in the upper ocean, large in the deeper ocean.

Potential Temperature

Salinity

Density

Mixed Layer Processes

Seasonal Variation of Mixed Layer

Ekman Layer (frictional force + Coriolis Force)

Ekman Spiral – A Result of Coriolis Force

How Deep is the Ekman Layer?

Ekman Transport

Ekman Transport à Convergence/Divergence