<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prather, M. J.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhua, X.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strahan, S. E.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steenrod, S. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodriguez, J. M.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantifying errors in trace species transport modeling</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">atmospheric transport</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">biogeochemical cycles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">co2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">dynamics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">formulations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">general-circulation model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">initiative assessment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">model errors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">numerical advection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prather Modeling Lab</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sensitivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">simulations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">source inversions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">uncertainties</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2008</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12/2008</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pub/697</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">50</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">105</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">19617-19621</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0027-8424</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;One expectation when computationally solving an Earth system model is that a correct answer exists, that with adequate physical approximations and numerical methods our solutions will converge to that single answer. With such hubris, we performed a controlled numerical test of the atmospheric transport of CO2 using 2 models known for accurate transport of trace species. Resulting differences were unexpectedly large, indicating that in some cases, scientific conclusions may err because of lack of knowledge of the numerical errors in tracer transport models. By doubling the resolution, thereby reducing numerical error, both models show some convergence to the same answer. Now, under realistic conditions, we identify a practical approach for finding the correct answer and thus quantifying the advection error.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI:000261802300011</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;ISI Document Delivery No.: 385GITimes Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 30Cited References:      BAKER DF, 2006, GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY, V20, ARTN GB1002     BOERING KA, 1994, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V21, P2567     BRENKERT AL, 1998, CARBON DIOIDE EMISSI     DOUGLASS AR, 1999, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V104, P27545     ESLER JG, 2004, ATMOS CHEM PHYS, V4, P1781     GE XZ, 1997, METEOROL ATMOS PHYS, V63, P131     GINOUX P, 2003, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V108, ARTN 4052     GURNEY KR, 2002, NATURE, V415, P626     GURNEY KR, 2003, TELLUS B, V55, P555     HALL TM, 1993, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V98, P10573     HALL TM, 1994, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOSP, V99, P1059     HALL TM, 1995, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V100, P16699     HALL TM, 2000, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V105, P6773     HOFMANN M, 2006, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V111, ARTN C05006     HOURDIN F, 1999, MON WEATHER REV, V127, P822     LAW RM, 2003, TELLUS B, V55, P580     LIN SJ, 1996, MON WEATHER REV, V124, P2046     MAHLMAN JD, 1978, J ATMOS SCI, V35, P1340     PRATHER M, 1987, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V92, P6579     PRATHER MJ, 1986, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOSP, V91, P6671     RASCH PJ, 2006, J CLIMATE, V19, P2243     RIND D, 1998, J CLIMATE, V11, P876     ROOD RB, 1987, REV GEOPHYS, V25, P71     ROTMAN DA, 2001, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V106, P1669     RUSSELL GL, 1981, J APPL METEOROL, V20, P1483     SEARLE KR, 1998, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V103, P25397     STRAHAN SE, 2006, ATMOS CHEM PHYS, V6, P2895     STRAHAN SE, 2007, ATMOS CHEM PHYS, V7, P2435     THUBURN J, 1997, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V102, P6775     WILD O, 2006, J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS, V111, ARTN D11305Prather, Michael J. Zhua, Xin Strahan, Susan E. Steenrod, Stephen D. Rodriguez, Jose M.National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNG06GB84G, NNG04GA09G]; National Science Foundation [NSF ATM-0550234]; Kavli FoundationWe thank 2 referees for their insightful comments. This work was supported at the University of California, Irvine, by National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grants NNG06GB84G and NNG04GA09G, National Science Foundation Grant NSF ATM-0550234, and the Kavli Foundation.Natl acad sciencesWashington&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;[Prather, Michael J.; Zhua, Xin] Univ Calif Irvine, Earth Syst Sci Dept, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Strahan, Susan E.; Steenrod, Stephen D.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Goddard Earth Sci &amp;amp; Technol Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Rodriguez, Jose M.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.Prather, MJ, Univ Calif Irvine, Earth Syst Sci Dept, 3329 Croul Hall, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.mprather@uci.edu&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>