<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusdottir, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haynes, P. H.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reflection of planetary waves in three-dimensional tropospheric flows</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Atmos. Sci.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1000</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-dimensional propagation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">circulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Content Type: Biblio</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">critical layers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diagnostics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">extratropics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">instability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusdottir Modeling Lab</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rossby-wave</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">shear flows</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stationary waves</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1999</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Feb</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;Go to ISI&gt;://000078739600015</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">652-670</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0022-4928</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The authors consider quasi-stationary planetary waves that are excited by localized midlatitude orographic forcing in a three-dimensional primitive-equation model. The waves propagate toward subtropical regions where the background flow is weak and the waves are therefore likely to break. Potential vorticity fields on isentropic surfaces are used to diagnose wave breaking. Nonlinear pseudomomentum conservation relations are used to quantify the absorption-reflection behavior of the wave-breaking regions. Three different three-dimensional flow configurations are represented: (i) a barotropic flow, (ii) a simple baroclinic flow, and (iii) a more realistic baroclinic flow, in order to allow the propagation of large-scale waves to be studied over extended periods for the baroclinic flows, the authors apply a mechanical damping at low levels to delay the onset of baroclinic instability. For basic states (i) and (ii) the forcing excites a localized wave train that propagates into the subtropics and, for large enough wave amplitude, gives rise to a reflected wave train propagating along a great circle route into midlatitudes. It is argued that the reflection is analogous to the nonlinear reflection predicted by Rossby wave critical layer theory. Both the directly forced wave train and the reflected wave train are quire barotropic in character and decay due to the damping. However, the low-level damping does not inhibit the reflection. The authors also consider the effect of thermal damping on the absorption-reflection behavior and find that, for realistic wave amplitudes, reflection is not inhibited by thermal damping with a timescale as low as 5 days. For the third basic state it is found that the small-amplitude response has the character of a longitudinally propagating wave train that slowly decays with distance away from the forcing. The authors argue that part of this decay is due to low-latitude absorption and show that at larger amplitudes the decay is inhibited by nonlinear reflection. The authors also compare for each basic state absorption-reflection behavior for isolated wave trains and for waves forced in a single longitudinal wavenumber.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI:000078739600015</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;ISI Document Delivery No.: 169GRTimes Cited: 16Cited Reference Count: 37Cited References:      AMBRIZZI T, 1997, Q J ROY METEOR SOC B, V123, P919     ANDREWS DG, 1978, J FLUID MECH, V89, P609     BRANSTATOR G, 1983, J ATMOS SCI, V40, P1689     BRANSTATOR G, 1992, J ATMOS SCI, V49, P1924     BRUNET G, 1996, J ATMOS SCI, V53, P482     COOK KH, 1992, J ATMOS SCI, V49, P525     EDMON HJ, 1980, J ATMOS SCI, V37, P2600     ESLER JG, 1997, J ATMOS SCI, V54, P2820     GROSE WL, 1979, J ATMOS SCI, V36, P223     HAYNES PH, 1987, J ATMOS SCI, V44, P2359     HAYNES PH, 1988, J ATMOS SCI, V45, P2352     HAYNES PH, 1989, J FLUID MECH, V207, P231     HAYNES PH, 1993, J ATMOS SCI, V50, P3431     HELD IM, 1985, J ATMOS SCI, V42, P2280     HELD IM, 1990, J ATMOS SCI, V47, P856     HELD IM, 1994, B AM METEOROL SOC, V75, P1825     HOSKINS BJ, 1975, Q J R METEO, V101, P637     HOSKINS BJ, 1993, J ATMOS SCI, V50, P1661     HSU HH, 1990, J ATMOS SCI, V47, P823     KILADIS GN, 1992, MON WEATHER REV, V120, P1924     KILLWORTH PD, 1985, J FLUID MECH, V161, P449     MAGNUSDOTTIR G, 1996, J ATMOS SCI, V53, P2317     MCINTYRE ME, 1987, J FLUID MECH, V181, P527     MOLTENI F, 1990, Q J ROY METEOR SOC, V116, P31     PLUMB RA, 1985, J ATMOS SCI, V42, P217     RANDEL WJ, 1990, J CLIMATE, V3, P608     SCHUBERT SD, 1991, J ATMOS SCI, V48, P629     SCINOCCA JF, 1994, J ATMOS SCI, V51, P613     STEWARTSON K, 1978, GEOPHYS ASTROPHYS FL, V9, P185     VALDES PJ, 1988, J ATMOS SCI, V45, P1584     WALLACE JM, 1981, MON WEA REV, V109, P784     WALLACE JM, 1983, J ATMOS SCI, V40, P2211     WARN T, 1978, STUD APPL MATH, V59, P37     WATTERSON IG, 1987, Q J ROY METEOR SOC, V113, P779     WAUGH DW, 1994, J ATMOS SCI, V51, P1401     WEBSTER PJ, 1982, J ATMOS SCI, V39, P722     YANG S, 1994, J CLIMATE, V7, P414Amer meteorological socBoston&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Univ Cambridge, Dept Appl Math &amp;amp; Theoret Phys, Ctr Atmospher Sci, Cambridge CB3 9EW, England.Magnusdottir, G, Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>