<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusdottir, G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deser, C.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saravanan, R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The effects of North Atlantic SST and sea ice anomalies on the winter circulation in CCM3. Part I: Main features and storm track characteristics of the response</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Journal of Climate</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Clim.</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1000</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">atmospheric</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">community-climate-model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Content Type: Biblio</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">europe</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magnusdottir Modeling Lab</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">mechanisms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oscillation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pacific</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">southern-hemisphere</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">thermodynamic characteristics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">trends</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">variability</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2004</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mar</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;Go to ISI&gt;://000220114100001</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">857-876</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0894-8755</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Observed multidecadal trends in extratropical atmospheric flow, such as the positive trend in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index, may be attributable to a number of causes. This study addresses the question of whether the atmospheric trends may be caused by observed trends in oceanic boundary forcing. Experiments were carried out using the NCAR atmospheric general circulation model with specified sea surface temperature (SST) and sea ice anomalies confined to the North Atlantic sector. The spatial pattern of the anomalous forcing was chosen to be realistic in that it corresponds to the recent 40-yr trend in SST and sea ice, but the anomaly amplitude was exaggerated in order to make the response statistically more robust. The wintertime response to both types of forcing resembles the NAO to first order. Even for an exaggerated amplitude, the atmospheric response to the SST anomaly is quite weak compared to the observed positive trend in the NAO, but has the same sign, indicative of a weak positive feedback. The anomalies in sea ice extent are more efficient than SST anomalies at exciting an atmospheric response comparable in amplitude to the observed NAO trend. However, this atmospheric response has the opposite sign to the observed trend, indicative of a significant negative feedback associated with the sea ice forcing. Additional experiments using SST anomalies with opposite sign to the observed trend indicate that there are significant nonlinearities associated with the atmospheric response. The transient eddy response to the observed SST trend is consistent with the positive NAO response, with the North Atlantic storm track amplifying downstream and developing a more pronounced meridional tilt. In contrast, the storm track response to the observed sea ice trend corresponds to a weaker, southward-shifted, more zonal storm track, which is consistent with the negative NAO response.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI:000220114100001</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;ISI Document Delivery No.: 801RXTimes Cited: 62Cited Reference Count: 36Cited References:      ALEXANDER MA, 2004, J CLIMATE, V17, P890     AMBAUM MHP, 2001, J CLIMATE, V14, P3495     BARSUGLI JJ, 1998, J ATMOS SCI, V55, P477     DESER C, 1997, J CLIMATE, V10, P393     DESER C, 2000, J CLIMATE, V13, P617     DESER C, 2004, J CLIMATE, V17, P877     DEWEAVER E, 2000, J CLIMATE, V13, P2160     FRANKIGNOUL C, 1998, J CLIMATE, V11, P2310     HACK JJ, 1998, J CLIMATE, V11, P1179     HONDA M, 1999, J CLIMATE, V12, P3347     HOSKINS BJ, 1983, J ATMOS SCI, V40, P1595     HURRELL JW, 1995, SCIENCE, V269, P676     HURRELL JW, 1997, CLIMATIC CHANGE, V36, P301     HURRELL JW, 1998, J CLIMATE, V11, P1207     KALNAY E, 1996, B AM METEOROL SOC, V77, P437     KIEHL JT, 1998, J CLIMATE, V11, P1131     KRISTJANSSON JE, 1999, Q J ROY METEOR SOC B, V125, P2819     KUSHNIR Y, 1992, J CLIMATE, V5, P271     KUSHNIR Y, 2002, J CLIMATE, V15, P2233     MAGNUSDOTTIR G, 2001, J CLIMATE, V14, P4166     MENENDEZ CG, 1999, CLIM DYNAM, V15, P659     MURRAY RJ, 1995, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V100, P4791     PENG SL, 1999, J CLIMATE 2, V12, P1393     PENG SL, 2002, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V29, ARTN 1276     RAYNER NA, 1995, 69 HADL CTR     RODWELL MJ, 1999, NATURE, V398, P320     ROGERS JC, 1997, J CLIMATE, V10, P1635     SARAVANAN R, 1998, J CLIMATE, V11, P1386     SCHNEIDER EK, 2003, J ATMOS SCI, V60, P1504     SEAGER R, 2000, J CLIMATE, V13, P2845     SIMMONDS I, 1991, Q J ROY METEOR SOC, V117, P1003     STEPHENSON DB, 2003, CLIM DYNAM, V19, P381     TRENBERTH KE, 1994, CLIM DYNAM, V9, P303     TRIGO RM, 2002, CLIMATE RES, V20, P9     WALLACE JM, 2000, Q J ROY METEOR SOC A, V126, P791     WANNER H, 2001, SURV GEOPHYS, V22, P321Amer meteorological socBoston&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.Magnusdottir, G, Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.gudrun@uci.edu&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>