<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zaunbrecher, L. K.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cobb, K. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beck, J. W.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charles, C. D.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Druffel, E. R. M.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fairbanks, R. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Griffin, S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sayani, H. R.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coral records of central tropical Pacific radiocarbon variability during the last millennium</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paleoceanography</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paleoceanography</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">age</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">c-14 record</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cal kyr bp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">calibration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">currents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diagenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">el-nino</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">equatorial pacific</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">galapagos-islands</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">surface ocean</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nov</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></volume><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">0883-8305</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;The relationship between decadal to centennial changes in ocean circulation and climate is difficult to discern using the sparse and discontinuous instrumental record of climate and, as such, represents a large uncertainty in coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation models. We present new modern and fossil coral radiocarbon (Delta C-14) records from Palmyra (6 degrees N, 162 degrees W) and Christmas (2 degrees N, 157 degrees W) islands to constrain central tropical Pacific ocean circulation changes during the last millennium. Seasonally to annually resolved coral Delta C-14 measurements from the 10th, 12th-17th, and 20th centuries do not contain significant interannual to decadal-scale variations, despite large changes in coral delta O-18 on these timescales. A centennial-scale increase in coral radiocarbon from the Medieval Climate Anomaly (similar to 900-1200 AD) to the Little Ice Age (similar to 1500-1800) can be largely explained by changes in the atmospheric Delta C-14, as determined with a box model of Palmyra mixed layer Delta C-14. However, large 12th century depletions in Palmyra coral Delta C-14 may reflect as much as a 100% increase in upwelling rates and/or a significant decrease in the Delta C-14 of higher-latitude source waters reaching the equatorial Pacific during this time. SEM photos reveal evidence for minor dissolution and addition of secondary aragonite in the fossil corals, but our results suggest that coral Delta C-14 is only compromised after moderate to severe diagenesis for these relatively young fossil corals.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI:000284225600001</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;ISI Document Delivery No.: 680IMTimes Cited: 0Cited Reference Count: 55Cited References:      BARMATTHEWS M, 1993, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V57, P257     BROWN TA, 1993, RADIOCARBON, V35, P245     BRYDEN HL, 1985, J PHYS OCEANOGR, V15, P1255     BURR GS, 1992, RADIOCARBON, V34, P611     BURR GS, 1998, RADIOCARBON, V40, P1093     COBB KM, 2001, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V28, P2209     COBB KM, 2002, THESIS U CALIF SAN D     COBB KM, 2003, EARTH PLANET SC LETT, V210, P91, DOI     10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00138-9     COBB KM, 2003, NATURE, V424, P271, DOI 10.1038/nature01779     COHEN AL, 2004, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V19, ARTN PA4031     DONGUY JR, 1996, DEEP-SEA RES PT I, V43, P1105     DRUFFEL EM, 1978, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V5, P913     DRUFFEL EM, 1981, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V8, P59     DRUFFEL ERM, 1987, J MAR RES, V45, P667     DRUFFEL ERM, 1993, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V98, P20249     DRUFFEL ERM, 1997, SCIENCE, V275, P1454     DRUFFEL ERM, 2001, RADIOCARBON, V43, P15     DRUFFEL ERM, 2004, RADIOCARBON, V46, P627     DRUFFEL ERM, 2007, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V34, ARTN L09601     DUNBAR RG, 1999, 991 PAST GLOB CHANG     ENMAR R, 2000, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V64, P3123     EPSTEIN S, 1953, GEOLOGICAL SOC AM B, V64, P1315     EVANS MN, 1999, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V104, P13409     FALLON SJ, 2008, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V113, ARTN C09001     FINE RA, 1983, J GEOPHYS RES, V88, P763     GROTTOLI AG, 2003, RADIOCARBON, V45, P91     GROTTOLI AG, 2007, EARTH-SCI REV, V81, P67, DOI     10.1016/j.earscirev.2006.10.001     GU DF, 1997, SCIENCE, V275, P805     GUILDERSON TP, 1998, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V103, P24641     GUILDERSON TP, 1998, SCIENCE, V281, P240     GUILDERSON TP, 2000, RADIOCARBON, V42, P249     GUILDERSON TP, 2004, J CLIMATE, V17, P1147     HENDY EJ, 2007, PALEOCEANOGRAPHY, V22, ARTN PA4101     HUGHEN KA, 2004, RADIOCARBON, V46, P1059     JOHNSON GC, 2000, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V105, P1037     KONISHI K, 1982, P 4 INT COR REEF S, V1, P181     MARZAIOLI F, 2008, RADIOCARBON, V50, P1     MATSUMOTO K, 2004, GLOBAL ENV CHANGE OC, P45     MCGREGOR HV, 2003, GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC, V67, P2147     MULLER A, 2001, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V28, P4471     NYDAL R, 1983, J GEOPHYS RES-OC ATM, V88, P3621     PICAUT J, 1991, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V96, P3263     REIMER PJ, 2004, RADIOCARBON, V46, P1029     REVERDIN G, 1994, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V99, P20323     RODGERS KB, 2003, GEOPHYS RES LETT, V30, ARTN 1084     RUBIN SI, 2002, GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY, V16, ARTN 1105     SLOTA PJ, 1987, RADIOCARBON, V29, P303     SMITH TM, 2007, J CLIMATOL, V20, P5473     SOUTHON J, 2004, RADIOCARBON, V46, P41     STUIVER M, 1977, RADIOCARBON, V19, P355     TAFT BA, 1991, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V96, P12599     TOGGWEILER JR, 1991, J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS, V96, P20467     TOGGWEILER JR, 1995, DAHL WS ENV, V18, P337     VOGEL JS, 1984, NUCL INSTRUM METH B, V5, P289     WEISBERG RH, 2000, J PHYS OCEANOGR, V30, P105Zaunbrecher, Laura K. Cobb, Kim M. Beck, J. Warren Charles, Christopher D. Druffel, Ellen R. M. Fairbanks, Richard G. Griffin, Sheila Sayani, Hussein R.Nsf [oce-0452920, oce-0502619, oce-0551940]We thank Rick Mortlock for providing the modern Christmas coral PP7-3 used in this study and Mike Evans for providing the corresponding raw delta18O data. John Southon and Guaciara dos Santos of the KCCAMS Facility facilitated our UC Irvine AMS measurements. We are grateful to Crawford Elliott for providing quick access to XRD. Discussions with Keith Rodgers, Robbie Toggweiler, and Jean Lynch-Stieglitz greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. Thanks to TAO Project Office of NOAA/PMEL for wind speed data. Funding for this project was provided to KMC by NSF award OCE-0452920 and to ERMD by NSF awards OCE-0502619 (Earth System History) and OCE-0551940 (Chemical Oceanography).Amer geophysical unionWashington&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;[Zaunbrecher, Laura K.; Cobb, Kim M.; Sayani, Hussein R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth &amp;amp; Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Beck, J. Warren] Univ Arizona, Phys &amp;amp; Geosci Dept, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Charles, Christopher D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Druffel, Ellen R. M.; Griffin, Sheila] Univ Calif Irvine, Earth Syst Sci Dept, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Fairbanks, Richard G.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth &amp;amp; Planetary Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.Zaunbrecher, LK, Georgia State Univ, Dept Geosci, 24 Peachtree Ctr Ave, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.lzaunbrecher1@student.gsu.edu&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>