<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tosca, M. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Randerson, J. T.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zender, C. S.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flanner, M. G.</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasch, P. J.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Do biomass burning aerosols intensify drought in equatorial Asia during El Nino?</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics</style></secondary-title><alt-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atmos Chem Phys</style></alt-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">black carbon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">climate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">cycle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">forest-fires</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">indian-ocean experiment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">maritime continent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pacific warm pool</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rainfall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Randerson Lab</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">satellite</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sea-surface temperature</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zender Modeling Lab</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2010</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;Go to ISI&gt;://000277185400005</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3515-3528</style></pages><isbn><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1680-7316</style></isbn><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">English</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;During El Nino years, fires in tropical forests and peatlands in equatorial Asia create large regional smoke clouds. We characterized the sensitivity of these clouds to regional drought, and we investigated their effects on climate by using an atmospheric general circulation model. Satellite observations during 2000-2006 indicated that El Nino-induced regional drought led to increases in fire emissions and, consequently, increases in aerosol optical depths over Sumatra, Borneo and the surrounding ocean. Next, we used the Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) to investigate how climate responded to this forcing. We conducted two 30 year simulations in which monthly fire emissions were prescribed for either a high (El Nino, 1997) or low (La Nina, 2000) fire year using a satellite-derived time series of fire emissions. Our simulations included the direct and semi-direct effects of aerosols on the radiation budget within the model. We assessed the radiative and climate effects of anthropogenic fire by analyzing the differences between the high and low fire simulations. Fire aerosols reduced net shortwave radiation at the surface during August-October by 19.1 +/- 12.9 W m(-2) (10%) in a region that encompassed most of Sumatra and Borneo (90 degrees E-120 degrees E, 5 degrees S-5 degrees N). The reductions in net shortwave radiation cooled sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and land surface temperatures by 0.5 +/- 0.3 and 0.4 +/- 0.2 degrees C during these months. Tropospheric heating from black carbon (BC) absorption averaged 20.5 +/- 9.3 W m(-2) and was balanced by a reduction in latent heating. The combination of decreased SSTs and increased atmospheric heating reduced regional precipitation by 0.9 +/- 0.6 mm d(-1) (10%). The vulnerability of ecosystems to fire was enhanced because the decreases in precipitation exceeded those for evapotranspiration. Together, the satellite and modeling results imply a possible positive feedback loop in which anthropogenic burning in the region intensifies drought stress during El Nino.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ISI:000277185400005</style></accession-num><notes><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;589WRTimes Cited:0Cited References Count:61&lt;/p&gt;</style></notes><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Tosca, MGUniv Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92717 USAUniv Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92717 USAUniv Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92717 USANatl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USAPacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>